The Bible addresses debt in Proverbs, in the Mosaic law of release, and in the New Testament epistles.
In Proverbs 22:7:
7 The rich ruleth over the poor, and the borrower is servant to the lender.
Paul writes in Romans 13:8:
8 Owe no man any thing, but to love one another: for he that loveth another hath fulfilled the law.
The law of release is set out in Deuteronomy 15:1-2:
1 At the end of every seven years thou shalt make a release. 2 And this is the manner of the release: Every creditor that lendeth ought unto his neighbour shall release it; he shall not exact it of his neighbour, or of his brother; because it is called the LORD’s release.